A Definition of Money
New Words
definition n.
common a.
acceptable a.
settlement n.
debt n.
commodity n.
precious a.
base a.
bead1 n.
benefit n.
obtain vt.
circulation n.
range n.
available a.
considerably2 a.
reduce vt.
transaction n.
货币的概念
单词
概念，解释说明
公共的，共有些
可同意的
清算，结账
债；债务；欠款
日用品，产品
宝贵的，珍贵的
劣等的，低级的
（有孔可穿于线上的）小珠子
利益，好处
获得，得到
流通，传播
地区，范围
有效的，可用的
相当大的
降低，减小
（一笔）买卖
Phrases expressions
common to
from hand to hand
a base metal
as well
at the time of
by oneself
in circulation
carry on
短语与词组
对一同，为所共有（用）
传递，转手
贱金属
同样,也
在的时候
一个人的,单独的
在传播中,在流通中
进行
Notes:
1. Money is a word common to all the basic functions of the bank.
货币是银行在履行其基本职能中最容易见到的词。
money n. pl. mon.eys; or monies: ①a commodity, such as gold, or an officially issued coin or paper note that is legally established as an exchangeable equivalent of all other commodities, such as goods and services, and is used as a measure of their comparative values on the market. 钱，货币，纸币一种产品，如金子或官方发行的铸币或纸币，把这种货币或纸币定为可与其他所有产品、如货物和服务的等价交换物，并用作市场交换价值的尺度。 ②The official currency, coins, and negotiable paper notes issued by a government. 通货由政府发行的官方货币、铸币和可出售纸币
function n. ①the action for which one is particularly fitted or employed. 用途，功能（特别合适某人或某人所从事的行为）②assigned duty or activity. 职务，职责分派的职责或指定的活动
common to all the basic functions of the bank: 此句是由形容词common to 引导的形容词短语，这种短语在修饰名词时一般后置。
2. Money can be defined as anything which passes freely from hand to hand and is generally acceptable in the settlement of a debt.
货币可以概念为自由流通，并在清算债务时被常见同意的任何产品。
define v.tr. to state the precise meaning of .给下概念给（比如，单词或词义）下精确的概念
which passes freelyand is generally acceptable为定语从句。
From hand to hand: 传递；转手
in the settlement of a debt: 在清算债务时
settlement: ①transfer of property to provide for the future needs of a person. 出售（出售财产以提供某人将来所需）②a payment of money清算，结账
3. Although most countries now use a system of bank notes and coins, many different commodities have been used as money by people in various parts of the wold and various times in history.
虽然大部分国家现在实行一种钞票和硬币的货币体系，但在世界不一样的区域和不一样的历史阶段，很多各式各样的产品也都充当过货币。
a system of bank notes and coins: 一种钞票和硬币的货币体系
system: n.①a group of interacting, interrelated, or interdependent elements forming a complex whole. 系统（组成一个复杂的整体的一组互相用途、互相联系或互相依存的元素）②a social, economic, or political organizational form.规范社会、经济或政治组织形式
note: n.①A piece of paper currency. 纸币一纸现金 ②a certificate issued by a government or a bank and sometimes negotiable as money. 票据政府或银行确保的证据，有时可用作钱
coin: n.①a small piece of metal, usually flat and circular, authorized3 by a government for use as money. 硬币一小块金属，常为平圆形，由政府批准用作通货 ②metal money considered as a whole. 金属钱币总称
辩异：currency: n. pl. cur.ren.cies;abbr:cur. ①money in any form when in actual use as a medium of exchange, especially circulating paper money. 货币任一形式的钱币，在实质用时作为交换媒介，尤指流通纸币 ②transmission from person to person as a medium of exchange; circulation: 流通作为交换媒介从一人传送到另一人；流通
commodity: pl.com.mod.i.ties;①something useful that can be turned to commercial or other advantage.日用品；产品能转成商业或其他利益的有用的东西 ②an article of trade or commerce, especially an agricultural or mining product, that can be transported. 用品一种贸易或商业物品。尤指农业或矿商品，可以运输
various times in history: 不同历史阶段
4. Money by itself gives us no benefit -- only by spending it can we obtain the thing we want.
货币本身不可以给大家带来任何好处 惟有将货币投入用，大家才能获得所需的物品。
by itself: 一个人地，单独地
-- only by spending it can we obtain the thing we want.这是由only引出的倒装句，起强调语气有哪些用途，其正常语序为：-- we can obtain the thing we want only by spending it.
5. Without some form of money in circulation, the range of goods and services available to us would be considerably reduced and business transactions would be difficult to carry on.
假如没某种流通货币，可供大家用的货物和劳务的范围将大大缩小，买卖也很难进行。
本句运用了与目前事实相反的虚拟语气，without some form of money in circulation是介词短语，起假设条件从句有哪些用途，等于：if there were not some form money in circulation。
to carry on是主动形式表示被动意思。在某些结构中，不定式虽然表示被动的意思，用的却是主动形式。如：
He has no one to take care of.
We still have many difficulties to overcome.
