The peer-reviewed research published in the medical journal The Lancet Public Health suggests low and high-carb diets could shorten life, and diets including some carbs could promote a healthy lifespan.
The study analyzed self-reported data from more than 15,400 middle-aged Americans who participated in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. The dietary patterns researchers found were compared against additional studies that included 432,000 people in more than 20 countries.
Researchers concluded that people who ate a moderate amount of carbohydrates lived four years longer than those with low-carbohydrate consumption and one year longer than those who ate a lot of carbohydrates.
Low-carb diets were defined as less than 40 percent of calories from carbohydrates and high-carb diets were more than 70 percent of calories.
Our data suggests that animal-based low carbohydrate diets, which are prevalent in North America and Europe, might be associated with shorter overall life span and should be discouraged.
Researchers observed that people who replaced carbohydrates with protein and fat from animals had a higher risk of early death compared to those who replaced carbohydrates with plant-based foods.
These findings bring together several strands that have been controversial. Too much and too little carbohydrate can be harmful but what counts most is the type of fat, protein, and carbohydrate.
Self-reported data can be flawed, because it relies on the subject's memory. Another limitation of the study: Diets were measured only twice during the 25-year study period, at the start of the study and again six years later.
译文：
发表在医学杂志“柳叶刀公共卫生”上的同行评审研究表明，低碳水化合物和
高碳水化合物饮食或许会缩短生命，包含一些碳水化合物在内的饮食可以促进健康的生命。
该研究剖析了来自超越15,400名参与社区动脉粥样硬化风险研究的中年4美国人的自我报告数据。研究职员发现的饮食模式与其他研究进行了比较，其中包含20多个国家的432,000人。
研究职员得出结论，摄入适当碳水化合物的人比摄入低碳水化合物2的人寿命长4年，比摄入很多碳水化合物的人寿命长1年。
低碳水化合物饮食被概念为低于碳水化合物卡路里的40％，高碳水化合物饮食超越卡路里的70％。
“大家的数据表明，在北美和欧洲时尚的以动物为基础的低碳水化合物饮食可能与较短的整体寿命有关，应该不鼓励。”
研究职员察看到，与用植物性食物替代碳水化合物的人相比，用动物蛋白质和脂肪替代碳水化合物的人死亡的风险更高。
“这类研究结果汇集了几个存在争议的问题。过多和过少的碳水化合物都可能有害，但非常重要的是脂肪，蛋白质和碳水化合物的种类。”
自我报告的数据可能存在缺点，由于它依靠于受试者的记忆。该研究的另一个局限性：在25年研究期间，研究开始时与6年后第三测量饮食两次。
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